Table 4.

G-Protein pathway components examined for osmotic upshifts

Mutated gene	Expressing neurons⁺	Number of turns/min for the 5th minute				p value
		Wild-type control		Mutant
		150 mOsm	400 mOsm	150 mOsm	400 mOsm
gpa-8	AQR, PQR, URX	9.58 ± 1.02 (24)	24.61 ± 1.51 (23)	7.33 ± 0.85 (21)	20.67 ± 1.89 (21)	0.538
gpa-13	PQR	7.19 ± 1.13 (16)	16.13 ± 2.91 (15)	9.63 ± 2.23 (16)	21.69 ± 1.98 (16)	0.467
gcy-1	URX	8.19 ± 1.50 (16)	29.00 ± 1.91 (16)	5.88 ± 1.01 (16)	25.31 ± 2.22 (16)	0.691
gcy-25	AQR, PQR, URX	11.07 ± 1.52 (15)	26.73 ± 2.10 (15)	8.50 ± 1.10 (16)	23.13 ± 1.26 (16)	0.734
gcy-28	Widely expressed	9.31 ± 1.76 (16)	24.63 ± 2.40 (16)	9.00 ± 1.14 (16)	32.06 ± 2.18 (16)	0.049^#
gcy-32	AQR, PQR, URX	11.06 ± 1.80 (16)	27.60 ± 1.77 (15)	7.71 ± 0.71 (14)	25.81 ± 1.61 (16)	0.622
gcy-33	AQR, PQR, URX	10.94 ± 2.24 (16)	22.88 ± 2.67 (16)	8.88 ± 1.13 (16)	18.87 ± 2.34 (15)	0.655
gcy-34	AQR, PQR, URX	7.33 ± 0.84 (15)	22.94 ± 2.14 (16)	7.73 ± 1.01 (15)	20.19 ± 2.37 (16)	0.377
gcy-35	AQR, PQR, URX	9.83 ± 1.39 (23)	30.08 ± 1.25 (24)	9.68 ± 1.26 (22)	28.46 ± 1.40 (24)	0.578
gcy-36	AQR, PQR, URX	9.83 ± 1.39 (23)	30.08 ± 1.25 (24)	8.42 ± 1.18 (24)	27.39 ± 1.99 (23)	0.665
gcy-37	AQR, PQR, URX	9.94 ± 1.25 (16)	26.69 ± 2.15 (16)	6.93 ± 0.73 (15)	21.87 ± 2.14 (15)	0.592

Values are reported as the mean ± SEM (n animals tested). Mutants that are mutated for genes that encode G-protein pathway components and are expressed in AQR, PQR, and URX are examined. The number of turns per minute is shown for the 5th minute for each genotype and osmolarity treatment. The interaction of genotype and treatment is tested with two-way ANOVA on the number of turns per minute in the 5th minute. The number of animals tested under each condition is indicated in the parenthesis next to mean ± SEM.
↵+ Only the expression in AQR, PQR or URX neurons is indicated.
↵# The rate of turns increases more in the mutant than in the wild-type control.