Figure 1. Experimental timelines and avoidance behavior in males during odor exposure. A, Timeline of treatment procedures involving F0 males. During OE1, males were exposed to either PO or CO for 30 min, three times per day for 7 d beginning 24 d prior to mating. OE2 was conducted identically except that the CO and PO exposures began 7 d prior to mating. Males from OE1 and OE2 were subjected to a PPT using sexually receptive virgin, naive females. Within 12 h of the PPT, males were bred with different receptive naive virgin females. Following confirmed mating, males were removed, and females were left undisturbed until offspring were born. B, Timeline of treatment procedures for F0 females and the F1 offspring. Birth was considered P0, and offspring were counted, sexed, and weighed before being transferred to either fresh SH or SNH, with biological mothers, until weaning. Maternal behavior (Mat Care) was scored for 1 h, five times per day for 7 d. At P21, all offspring were weighed, weaned, and placed in SH with a same-sex littermate. Play behavior was recorded in the home cage from P24 to P29, followed by exposure to the OFT and the EPM on P32 to P35. F1 OE took place on P42 with male and female offspring being exposed to either PO or CO for 30 min and then killed. Sample sizes are provided for both the F0 and F1 groups. C, Avoidance behavior in F0 male rats was significantly increased in those exposed to PO relative to those exposed to CO during OE. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. **p ≤ 0.005, PO different from CO.