Research ArticleNew Research, Disorders of the Nervous System
Estradiol Facilitation of Cocaine Self-Administration in Female Rats Requires Activation of mGluR5
Luis A. Martinez, Kellie S. Gross, Brett T. Himmler, Nicole L. Emmitt, Brittni M. Peterson, Natalie E. Zlebnik, M. Foster Olive, Marilyn E. Carroll, Robert L. Meisel and Paul G. Mermelstein
eNeuro 14 October 2016, 3 (5) ENEURO.0140-16.2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0140-16.2016
Luis A. Martinez
1Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Kellie S. Gross
1Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
2Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Brett T. Himmler
1Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Nicole L. Emmitt
3College of Veterinary Medicine and Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Brittni M. Peterson
1Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
2Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Natalie E. Zlebnik
4Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201
M. Foster Olive
5Department of Psychology and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
Marilyn E. Carroll
2Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
6Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Robert L. Meisel
1Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
2Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Paul G. Mermelstein
1Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
2Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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Estradiol Facilitation of Cocaine Self-Administration in Female Rats Requires Activation of mGluR5
Luis A. Martinez, Kellie S. Gross, Brett T. Himmler, Nicole L. Emmitt, Brittni M. Peterson, Natalie E. Zlebnik, M. Foster Olive, Marilyn E. Carroll, Robert L. Meisel, Paul G. Mermelstein
eNeuro 14 October 2016, 3 (5) ENEURO.0140-16.2016; DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0140-16.2016
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Estradiol Facilitation of Cocaine Self-Administration in Female Rats Requires Activation of mGluR5
Luis A. Martinez, Kellie S. Gross, Brett T. Himmler, Nicole L. Emmitt, Brittni M. Peterson, Natalie E. Zlebnik, M. Foster Olive, Marilyn E. Carroll, Robert L. Meisel, Paul G. Mermelstein
eNeuro 14 October 2016, 3 (5) ENEURO.0140-16.2016; DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0140-16.2016
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- Published on: (30 January 2017)Page navigation anchor for RE: Sex differences in the vulnerability to addiction.RE: Sex differences in the vulnerability to addiction.
- Aldo Badiani, Professor of Addiction Medicine, Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre (SARIC), University of Sussex
This article opens with the following statement: "Although drug addiction affects both sexes, addiction develops and progresses more rapidly in females compared with males." However, no evidence is provided in support of this statement and it is disconcerting that this oversight passed the review process unscathed.
Actually, available evidence show exactly the opposite, that is, men are much more likely to develop addiction than women (e.g., Grant et al., Mol Psychiatry, 2009; Compton et al., Am J Psychiatry, 2013; Kendler et al., Am J Psychiatry, 2014). Indeed, the existence of different rates of drug addiction in males versus females is common knowledge among medical and non-medical staff working in the field of substance misuse.Competing Interests: None declared.